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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to chess: Chess – two-player board game played on a chessboard (a square-checkered board with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid). In a chess game, each player begins with sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, whereby the king is under immediate attack (in "check") and there is no way to remove or defend it from attack. ==Nature of chess== Chess can be described as all of the following: * Form of entertainment – form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight. * * Form of recreation – activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. * * * Form of play – voluntary, intrinsically motivated activity normally associated with recreational pleasure and enjoyment.〔Garvey, C. (1990). ''Play''. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.〕 * * * * Game – structured playing, usually undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes used as an educational tool. Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more often an expression of aesthetic or ideological elements. However, the distinction is not clear-cut, and many games are also considered to be work (such as professional players of spectator sports/games) or art (such as jigsaw puzzles or games involving an artistic layout such as Mahjong, solitaire, or some video games). * * * * * Board game – game in which counters or pieces are placed, removed, or moved on a premarked surface or "board" according to a set of rules. Games may be based on pure strategy, chance or a mixture of the two and usually have a goal which a player aims to achieve. * * * * * Strategy game – game (e.g. computer, video or board game) in which the players' uncoerced, and often autonomous decision-making skills have a high significance in determining the outcome. Almost all strategy games require internal decision tree style thinking, and typically very high situation awareness. * * * * * Two-player game – game played by just two players, usually against each other. * * * * Sport – form of play, but sport is also a category of entertainment in its own right ''(see immediately below for description)'' * * Sport – organized, competitive, entertaining, and skillful activity requiring commitment, strategy, and fair play, in which a winner can be defined by objective means. It is governed by a set of rules or customs. Chess is recognized as a sport by the International Olympic Committee.〔(Recognized Sports of the International Olympic Committee ) International Olympic Committee official website. Retrieved 2 May 2008.〕 * * * Mind sport – game where the outcome is determined mainly by mental skill, rather than by pure chance. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Outline of chess」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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